Repair lock



Feb. 17, 1948. L. ascOTT 2,436,078

' REPAIR LOCK Filed May 17, 1945 Patented Feb. 17, 1948 j EES PA i: FEC

2 claims. l

This invention relates to new and useful improvements in repair locks.

One object of the invention is to provide an improved cold ow lock,which is adapted for use in repairing and reinforcing cracked andfatigued castings, forgings and other metallic members, and which is soconstructed that forcing of the lock into position will frictionallylock the same.

n important object of ,the invention is to provide an improved repairlock adapted to be forced into a recess formed in the casting to berepaired or reinforced,v the lock having novel means for expanding thesaine into engagement with the walls of the recess when forced underpressure into said recess, whereby said lock is frictionally wedgedwithin the recess.

A particular object of the invention is to provide an `improved coldflow lock, of the character described, having novel means associatedwith its lower portion adapted to coact with the bottom of the recessupon the application of downward pressure, whereby said lower portionwill flow or be distorted laterally into engagement with thelongitudinal walls of said recess to positively wedge or clamp the lockwithin the recess.

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved cold ilow lockhaving a base portion adapted to engage and coact withl the bottom ofthe recess so as to distort or expand the longitudinal lower margins ofthe lock into friction engagement with the side walls of said recess,thereby preventing displacement of said lock.

A further object of the invention is to provide an improved repair lockwhich may be formed in one or more sections and preferably an upperductile section and a lower or expanding base section of relatively hardmetal, the lower section distorting or expanding the upper section intofrictional engagement with the walls of the recess when said uppersection is forced into said recess and tending to securely lock thesections to each other so as to increase the strength thereof; a lock ofthis type having been found to be highly desirable in repairing orreinforcing ill-designed castings or castings having a multiplicity ofor contiguous openings.

Still another object of the invention is to provide an improved coldflow lock which includes an upper portion of ductile or distortablemetal and a lower base portion of relatively hard or undistortablemetaLthe lower portion acting as a wedge or expander to spread or causethe upper portion to ow laterally into frictional engagement with theside walls of the recess when pressure is exerted against said upperportion to force the same into said recess: there being coacting meansassociated with the portions of the lock to fasten the same togetherwhen said lock is in locking position.

A construction designed to carry out the invention will be hereinafterdescribed together with other features of the invention.

The invention will be more readily understood from a reading of thefollowing specification and by reference to the accompanying drawings,wherein an example of the invention is shown, and wherein:

Figure l is an isometric view of atwo-pie form of lock, x

Figure 2 is a longitudinal, vertical, sectional View of a portion of thelock,

vFigure 3 is a plan view of the lock,

Figure 4 is a transverse. vertical, sectional view, taken on the linedoi Figure 2,

Figure 5 is an isometric view of another twopiece lock,

Figure 6 is an end elevation of the two-piece lock inserted in a recess,

Figure is a view. similar to Figure 6, showing a slight modification;

Figure 8 is an underside isometric view of the upper portion of the lockshown in Figure 6 with grooves formed therein,

Figure 9 is a transverse. vertical, sectional view of this lock insertedin a recess. and

Figure 10 is a longitudinal, vertical, sectional view taken on the linelll-l0 of Figure 9.

In the drawing, Figs. 1 to 4, inclusive, the numeral 36 designates atwo-piece locking member which includes an upper section 3i of ductilemetal such as Invar or other metal which becomes hardened upon beingworked, and a lower section 32 of relatively-hard metal. The uppersection preferably consists oi a plurality of upright, cylindricalportions 33 disposed in the same horizontal plane and having their axesalined. Intermediate, vertical web-portions 3l interconnect the adjacentcylindrical portions 33. whereby the upper section 3l has undulating,longitudinal side walls. Although the lower section 32 may be made inone piece, it is lpreferable to form the same of a plurality ofconical-shaped wedges 35 having the same diameter as the cylindricalportions 33 of the upper section. A rectangular lug 36 extendsdiametrically across the upper, at surface of each wedge 35. terminatingshort of the periphery thereof as shown in Figures 2 and c, and adaptedto engage within a complementary groove or recess 31 formed in theinclined walls of the lugs and recesses.

lower surface of each cylindrical portion 33. The recesses 31 extendtransversely of the upper section 3| and each recess has inclined orbeveled side and end walls. The side and end walls of each lug 33 arealso inclined or tapered. To assure expanding or deforming of the uppersection 3| upon insertion of the same within a recess in a casting, thecross-sectional area of each lug 36 is slightly greater'than thecross-sectional area of its respective recess. Thus, the lugs will notreadily fit within the recesses and must be forced thereinto.

In using a locking member of this construction, a recess 33substantially complementaryto the locking member is formed in thecasting 39 to be repaired or reinforced. The wedges are placed withinthe recess 38 with their lugs 36 extending transversely thereof and theupper section 3l is inserted on top of said wedges so that the recesses3l are alined with said lugs. The upper section is then forceddownwardly, by applying pressure to the upper surface thereof, untilsaid upper surface is substantially flush with the exterior of thecasting being repaired or reinforced. Due to the ductility of the uppersection, the downward pressure exerted upon the same will cause themetal surrounding the recesses 31 to flow outwardly into engagement withthe side walls of the recess 38, thereby enlarging said recesses 31 andpermitting the lugs 36 to completely enter and ll the same. Of course,the radial Y expansion or flowing of the lower portion of the section 3|is aided by the wedging action of the Also, the distortion of the lowerportion of the section 3| will result in a general radial distortion ofeach cylindrical portion 33 so as to bring about a wedging actionbetween said sections and the adiacent surfaces of the recess 33. Thus,the upper section 3| will be rmly wedged within the recess andfrictionally secured to the wedges 35.

In Figures 5 and 6, a locking member 40 is shown. The member 40 isconstructed of ductile metal and has a single, inverted, V-shaped grooveor channel4! extendinglongitudinally throughout the length of its lowersurface. A wedge member 42, triangular in cross-section and ofsubstantially the same width and length as the member 40, is adapted toengage within the groove 4I. Both the groove and wedge are of greaterwidth than depth or thickness, whereby their inclined surfaces have onlya slight pitch. However, the inclination of the pitch of the walls ofthe groove 4| is slightly greater than that of the inclined surfaces ofthe wedge member 42, whereby when the locking member and wedge areinserted within a recess said wedge will have a tendency to enlarge orspread said groove. To increase the spreading action of the wedge. bothlower, longitudinal. marginal edge portions thereof are arced or beveledas shown at 43.

A recess 44, complementary to the locking member 40, is out or otherwiseformed in the casting to be repaired or reinforced and the wedge 42 isplaced in the recess with its base engaging the bottom thereof. Themember 40 is then inserted into the recess and forced downwardly.' byhammering or other suitable means, until its upper surface is flush withthe exterior of the casting 45. Due to the beveled surfaces 43 of thewedge and the greater pitch of the walls of the groove 4I. it is obviousthat by forcing the member 43 downwardly said groove will be spread soas to be fully engaged by said wedge and the lateral surfaces of saidmember 43 will be wedged into frictional engagement with the side wallsof the recess 44. Although it is preferable for the wedge and groove tobe triangular in cross-section, their adjacent surfaces may be arced orcurved as shown at 43 and-43 in Figure I with the arc or curvature ofthe wedge surface 43 being greater than the arc or curvature of thegroove surface 48 so as to facilitate expansion or deforming of thelocking member 40.

In Figures 8 to l0. a locking member 50 substantially identical to thelocking member 40 and having semi-cylindrical protuberances 5l formed onits side walls is shown. A longitudinal groove or channel 5|, arced orcurved in cross-section similar to the groove 43 shown in Figure 7, isformed in the lower surface of the member 50 and is adapted to beengaged by the substantially complementary curved or arced upper surfaceof a wedge or wedge member 52. The upper surface of both longitudinal,marginal edge portions of the wedge 52 is beveled as shown at 53 in thesame manner as the beveled surfaces 43 of the wedge 42. A plurality ofrectangular lugs 54 are formed on the upper arced surface of the wedge52, extending transversely at a right angle to said wedge .and beingspaced longitudinally throughout the length thereof. The end walls ofeach lug 54 are preferably perpendicular, while the side walls areinclined and converge upwardly toward each other as shown in Figure 10.

Substantially complementary recesses for receiving the lugs 54 areformed transversely in the curved surface of the groove 5i and aredisposed so as to be alined with the external semicylindricalprotuberances 51 of the member 50. The end walls of each recess 55 arepreferably perpendicular, while the side walls are inclined and convergetoward each other at the bottom of said recess. of the lugs and recesses55 may be perpendicular to provide maximum shear or tapered to assureexpansion of the lock. In order to assure locking of the member 50 tothe wedge 52 when tbe same are inserted within the recess 55 of acasting 59, the lugs 54 are of slightly greater width than the recesses55.

In using this form of the locking member. the wedge 52 is first insertedwithin the casting recess 58 and then said locking member is forceddownwardly until the upper surface thereof is flush with the exterior ofthe casting 53. or said wedge may be partially wedged within the memberprior to insertion thereof in said recess. The lower portion of themember 50 is expanded or deformed outwardly. by the curved or arcedupper surface of the wedge 52. this spreading action being assisted bythe beveled surfaces 53 of said wedge. Although the lugs 54 and recesses55 assist in the spreading and wedeing ofthe locking member within therecess 55. the same function primarily to frictionally fasten saidmember to said wedge. Manifest-lv. the member 55 is expanded and itssemi-cylindrical nrotuherances 51 firmly engage the complementary sidewalls of the recess 58 in the same manner as the member 4|! and itssemi-cylindrical protubera'nces 41 engage the side walls of its recess44. In fact. the locking member 50 is identical to the locking membershown in Figure '1. with the exception of the coacting lugs andrecesses. and the cnntiguous surfaces of the groove 5i and wedge 52 may.if desired, be angular instead of curved or arced.

0f course. the invention may be carried out in.` Y

various ways which are not illustrated, since the However, any or all ofthe wnlls purpose of the invention is to expand or deform the lowerportion of the locking member into firm, f rictional engagement with theside walls of the recess formed in the casting to be repaired orreinforced. As has been illustrated, the locking member may be deformedin different ways however, it is pointed out that whereas in my formerPatent No. 2,321,629, I employed a thin vertical wedge which extendedinto the upper portion of the ductile element, the present inventioninvolves a transversely broadened or flattened wedge member whichengages only the lower portion of the ductile member and has an improvedand different action. In my former patent the wedging action continuedinto the upper portion lof the ductile element making it diflicult tocontrol the :compression stresses and limited the possibility of coolWorking which is inculcated in the present improvement which has theadvantage of wedging the bottom of the element while leaving the upperportion free for cold flowing and cold Working. Further, by coniiningthe wedging action to the lower portion of the ductile element thecrosssectional area of the major portion of said element isstrengthened. By making the wedge element broad, the amplitude of thespread is increased and the spread is conned to the portion Where it ismost effective. As has been hereinbefore fully set forth, the wedge orWedges may be locked to the upper section by means of coacting lugs andrecesses. Manifestly, the hereinbefore described locking members may beused to repair and reinforce forgings and metallic members other thancastings.

The foregoing description of the invention is explanatory thereof andvarious changes in the size, shape and materials as wel1 as in thedetails of the illustrated construction may be made. within the scope ofthe appended claims, WithoutI departing from the spirit of theinvention.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

acsaove 1. In combination with a casting, a reinforcing member adaptedto be inserted at a point of stress including, an elongate integralelement positioned within a recess formed in the. casting with itslongitudinal axis parallel to the surface of the casting, the elementbeing formed of ductile metal and having transverse recesses formed inits lower surface, wedge means of relatively-hard metal bearing againstthe bottom of the casting recess for expanding said element into snugengagement with the Walls of said casting' recess, and lugs formed onthe upper surface of the wedge means adapted to engage Within theelement recesses to frictionally lock said means to the element.

2. In combination with a casting, a reinforcing member adapted to beinserted at a point of stress including, an elongate integral elementpositioned Within a recess formed in the casting with its longitudinalaxis parallel to the surface of the casting, Wedge means engaging andbearing against the bottom of the recess for deforming and expanding theelement into snug engagement with the walls of said recess, said elementhaving recesses formed in its lower surface, and lugs formed on theupper surface of the wedge means adapted to engage Within the elementrecesses to frictionally lock said wedge means to the element.

LAWRENCE B. SCOTT.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the le ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS

